Clinical observation of tuina manipulations for tic disorders in kids / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of tuina manipulations in treating different types of tic disorders (TD). Methods: Eligible TD patients were classified into three types, transient tic disorders (TTD), chronic multiple tic disorders (CMTD) and Tourette syndrome (TS), according to their disease duration and severity. The three types of children were treated with the same tuina manipulations. Changes in the Yale global tic severity scale (YGTSS) score, effective rate for tic, and cervical spine imaging examination results (including asymmetry of the lateral atlanto-dental interval, broadened anterior atlanto-dental interval, C2 spinous process deviation, occipito-atlanto-axial flexion/ extension instability) were observed after 1-month and 3-month treatments respectively. Results: The YGTSS score changed significantly after 1-month and 3-month treatments compared with that before treatment (both P<0.01); the effective rate for TD was 46.6％ and 86.7％ respectively after 1-month and 3-month treatments; there were significant differences comparing the effective rate for tic between different types of TD after 1-month and 3-month treatments (all P<0.05); comparing the effective rate for tic after 1-month treatment with that after 3-month treatment for the same type, the intra-group differences were statistically significant [TTD group (P<0.01), CMTD group (P<0.01), TS group (P<0.05)]; the abnormal parameter rates in neck imaging examination after 3-month treatment were significantly different from those before treatment (all P<0.01). Conclusion: Tuina manipulation is effective for TTD, CMTD and TS. It can correct the abnormal alterations of patients' cervical vertebrae, and its efficacy for TTD is most significant.

Early effects of low-level long-term occupational chromate exposure on workers'health / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effects of low-level long-term occupational exposure to chromate on the health of workers, and the potential biomarkers of early health effects in terms of lung function, immune toxicity and genetic damage.@*METHODS@#A total of 22 chromate contact workers and 44 non-chromate contact workers from an electroplating enterprise with long-term occupational environment monitoring in line with the national standards in Inner Mongolia were investigated. The questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the basic situation, the history of smoking, drinking, diseases and so on. The portable lung function instrument, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus test were performed to measure the chromate contact workers'lung function, whole blood Cr (WB-Cr) and micronuclei frequency (MNF) of peripheral blood lymphocytes respectively. The cytometric bead array was used to detect the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12P70 and TNFα in the serum among the two groups. The effects of chromate exposure on the above-mentioned indexes involved biological exposure, lung function, immune response and genetic damage, and their correlation were analyzed with different statistical methods.@*RESULTS@#(1) the average length of service for chromate contact workers was 31 years, and their concentration of WB-Cr was 1.11-4.19 μg/L. They were divided into high and low exposure groups according to the median of 1.72 μg/L. The WB-Cr in the high exposure group (2.17 μg/L) was higher than that in the low exposure group (1.58 μg/L) as well as the reference value of the healthy population (1.74 μg/L, P<0.05); (2) the lung function test showed 10 (45.45%) chromate exposure workers had single or multiple abnormal lung function indexes, among which large airway injury index PEF, and small airway injury indexes MVV and FEF25%-75% were all negatively correlated with WB-Cr (r=-0.53, P<0.05; r=-0.52, P<0.05; r=-0.44, P<0.05); (3) IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNFα in the serum of chromate contact workers were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), and there was a positive correlation between TNFα and WB-Cr, and among these cytokines (P<0.05); (4) the average lymphocyte MNF in chromate contact workers was 1.341%, higher than the reference value of the general population (0.436%, P<0.01). Poisson regression analysis showed MNF in thehigh exposure group was higher than that in the low exposure group, OR (95%CI) =1.323 (1.049, 1.669); (5) multiple linear regression analysis showed that the lung function index FEF25%-75% decreased with the increase of TNFα (P<0.05), no significant correlation was found between other cytokines, MNF and lung function indexes.@*CONCLUSION@#Long-term low-level occupational exposure to chromate can cause the decline of lung function, immune inflammatory reaction and genetic damage in workers, in which local or systemic inflammatory response is associated with decreased lung function. Lung function indexes PEF, FEF25%-75% and MVV, serum cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα, and peripheral blood lymphocyte MNF may be used as early health effects biomarkers of chromate exposure.

Budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy in Chinese patients with asthma / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Many studies have shown the superior efficacy of budesonide (BUD)/formoterol (FORM) maintenance and reliever therapy, but still lack evidence of its efficacy in Chinese asthma patients in a relative large patient-group. We finished this research to compare BUD/FORM maintenance and reliever therapy and high-dose salmeterol (SALM)/fluticasone (FP) maintenance plus an as-needed short-acting β(2)-agonist in Chinese patients with persistent uncontrolled asthma. This was a post hoc analysis based on a 6-month, multicenter, randomized, double-blind study (NCT00242775).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 222 eligible asthma patients from nine centers in China were randomized to either BUD/FORM+as-needed BUD/FORM (160/4.5 µg/inhalation) (640/18 µg/d; n = 111), or SALM/FP+as-needed terbutaline (0.4 mg/inhalation) (100/1000 µg/d; n = 111). The primary endpoint was time to first severe exacerbation while secondary endpoints included various measures of pulmonary function, symptom control and quality-of-life.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Time to first severe exacerbation over six months was lower with the BUD/FORM than with the SALM/FP treatment (risk ratio = 0.52, 95%CI 0.22 - 1.22), but the difference did not achieve statistical significance (P = 0.13). The cumulative number of severe exacerbations in the BUD/FORM group was lower than in the SALM/FP group (7.2% vs. 13.5%; risk ratio = 0.45, P = 0.028). BUD/FORM produced significantly better improvements in reliever use, cumulative mild exacerbations, symptom-free days (%), and morning/evening peak expiratory flow (PEF) than SALM/FP (P < 0.05 in all cases). The two groups achieved similar improvements in their time to first mild exacerbation, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)), asthma control questionnaire and asthma symptom scores, and percentage of nights with awakening(s). Both treatments were well tolerated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In Chinese patients with persistent asthma, BUD/FORM decreased severe and mild exacerbations, decreased reliever use, increased symptom-free days, and improved morning/evening PEF compared with SALM/FP. There were no significant differences in time to first severe exacerbation or other assessments regarding daily asthma control between BUD/FORM and SALM/FP. BUD/FORM was more effective in this Chinese sub-group than in the total cohort involved in the original study.</p>

Study of plasmid-mediated 16S rRNA methylase genes and drug-resistant transferability of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from burn ward / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the drug-resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) isolated from patients in burn ward, and study the incidence of 16S rRNA methylase genes mediated high-level aminoglycoside drug-resistance and its mechanism of transfer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 40 Ab clinical isolates were collected from burn ward in Gansu Province People's Hospital from May 2006 to Dec. 2007. The sensitivity of Ab for 20 antibiotics were determinated by K-B agar diffusion. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, netilmicin, isepamicin and kanamycin against Ab strains were determinated by agar dilution. Five kinds of 16S rRNA methylase genes including armA, rmtA, rmtB, rmtC, rmtD were amplified by PCR, the positive PCR-products were purified and sequenced, and the plasmid were extracted by alkaline lysis. The transferability of drug-resistance were determinated by conjugation and plasmid transformation tests.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The drug-resistance rates of Ab against six aminoglycosides antibiotics was 72.5%, 72.5%, 70.0%, 67.5%, 70.0%, 70.0%, respectively. Twenty five strains were resistant to six aminoglycosides antibiotics (62.5%), among which 10 isolates were armA-positive (40.0%); rmtA, rmtB, rmtC and rmtD-positive isolates were not found. Ten transformants and 10 conjugates showed high-level resistance against aminoglycosides antibiotics, all of which the value of MIC > or = 256 microg/mL carried armA gene.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The drug-resistance of Ab clinical isolates have high drug-resistance. 16S rRNA methylases gene exists in Ab and locates in plasmid chromosome.</p>

Isolation and analysis of a high expression promoter in rice / 生物工程学报

The expression of plant gene is controlled by its promoter. The isolation and the function analysis of promoter are important for studying the genetic engineering and the regulation expression of plant genes. In this paper, we cloned a promoter, 0s252, which was predicted to be highly expressed in the stem of rice from the EST database. After the construction of the Os252::GUS expression vector, it was transformed into rice. The integration of transgenes into transgenic rice genome was confirmed through PCR analysis. X-Gluc staining showed that Os252 can promote GUS gene expression in leaf, stem and matured seed. GUS enzyme activities driven by Os252 promoter in leaf and seed are about 190% and 250% of that driven by the 35S promoter. Thus, the Os252 promoter can be applied for rice genetic engineering.

Study on chemical constituents of volatile oil and trace elements from fruits of Clausena lansium / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study and determine the chemical constituents of the volatile oil and the trace elements in the fruits of the Clausena lansium.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The essential oils were extracted by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and separated on capillary columns with HP6890GC-5973MS. The components were quantitatively determined with normalization method, and were identified with GC-MS. And the trace elements were determined by ICP-MS and ICP-AES.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>36 Components constituting 95% of the total essential oil were separated and identified, and 11 trace elements were identified.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>18 Compounds were found from the fruit of C. lansium for the first time.</p>

Cloning and Expression Analysis of two Endosperm Promoters in Rice / 中国生物工程杂志

The cloning of promoter is important for studying the genetic engineering and the regulation of gene expression in plants. Two promoters Os772 and Os359, which are predicted to be highly expressed in the endosperm of rice from the EST database were cloned. After construction of the Os772∶∶GUS and Os359∶∶GUS expression vectors, they were transformed into rice. X-Gluc staining of transgenic plants showed that Os772 and Os359 can promote GUS gene expression in matured endosperm but not in root, stem, leaf and flower. This result indicates Os772 and Os359 are two rice endosperm-specific promoters.

Combined local block anesthesia and general anesthesia in cleft lip repairing operation of infants / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Summarizing the value and key point of combined use of local block anesthesia and general anesthesia in cleft lip repairing for infants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Local block anesthesia and general anesthesia were combined to use in 120 cleft lip repairing operation of infants using Midazolam, Fentangl, Ketamine, Scoline (or Vecuronium) in intubation, and injecting 0.5% - 1% lidocaine of which contained 1/250 000 adrenalinum. While intubation and operation, BP, P, R, SpO2, T and ECG were observed clearly. After operation, extubation was delayed and breathing oxygen was used for infants with breathing airway infection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>While operation, anesthesia of 120 infants was smooth. After operation, the infants regain conscious quickly and no accident occurred.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>For the cleft lip repairing operation to infants, as combined use of local block anesthesia and general anesthesia, anesthesia is smooth, internal environment of body is steady, bleeding is little, regaining consciousness is quick and the infants are safe.</p>

Chemical components of essential oils from Flos chrysanthemi Indici in different areas / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide the foundation for reasonable utilization by analysing the essential oils of Flos chrysanthemi Indici in different areas.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The essential oils were extracted by using steam distillation and separated with GC capillary columns. The components were quantitatively determined with normalization method, and were identified with GC-MS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>18, 17 and 20 compounds of essential oils from Guangxi, Guangdong and Hubei were identified.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There are significant differences among the components and contents of essential oils of Flos chrysanthemi Indici from Guangxi, Guangdong and Hubei.</p>